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Allergy skin test
A skin test is used to determine whether a patient is allergic to certain substances, such as mold, dust mites or animal dander. Patients who experience common allergy symptoms, such as sneezing, hives, watery eyes, runny nose and itching are often tested to determine specific allergies.Allergies occur when the body's immune system overreacts to a substance that is normally harmless (allergen), such as mold, pollen, animal dander or dust mites. The white blood cells of an allergic individual produce an antibody called immunoglobulin E (IgE), which attaches to the allergen. This triggers the release of histamine and other inflammatory chemicals that cause allergic symptoms, such as runny nose and watery eyes.
During the test, the skin is exposed to different allergens and then observed for an allergic reaction. Qualified healthcare providers can use the test to determine whether allergy-like symptoms are immune-mediated, and they can identify the specific substance(s) that trigger the reaction. Skin testing is often used to diagnose allergic conditions, including allergic asthma, dermatitis (eczema) and hay fever.
The results of a skin test can help a doctor develop an appropriate allergy treatment plan that may include allergen avoidance, lifestyle changes to reduce allergen exposure, medication or allergy shots (immunotherapy).
Related Terms
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